[Toccata opening, arpeggiated harpsichord over chromatic bass descent

D minor — C# diminished — C major — Bb major — Eb major (Neapolitan surprise)

— A major dominant — D minor suspension chain — D major (tierce de Picardie close)

Tempo: Andante con moto, ornamental trills, flowing semiquavers]

Three-voice fugue, chromatic rising subject D-Eb-E-F# leaping minor sixth

Soprano entry bar 1, tenor answer bar 3, bass entry bar 5

Stretto entries overlapping, middle section subject in inversion

Pedal point on A, building to final D minor cadence

Tempo: Moderato, precise articulation, baroque bowing

Prelude — 8 Bars

Bar 1 — D minor (tonic)

Bass: D3 | Upper voices: D3 – F3 – A3 – D4 – F4 – A4 – D5 (ascending arpeggio)

Bar 2 — C# diminished (chromatic bass step)

Bass: C#3 | Upper voices: C#3 – E3 – A3 – C4 – E4 – A4 – C5

Bar 3 — C major / Gm (passing)

Bass: C3 | Upper voices: C3 – G3 – Bb3 – Eb4 – G4 – Bb4 – Eb5

Bar 4 — Bb major (submediant)

Bass: Bb2 | Upper voices: Bb2 – F3 – A3 – C4 – F4 – A4 – C5

Bar 5 — Eb major ★ NEAPOLITAN ★

Bass: Eb3 | Upper voices: Eb3 – G3 – Bb3 – Eb4 – G4 – Bb4 – Eb5

(This is the harmonic shock — a major chord built on the flattened second degree)

Bar 6 — A major (dominant)

Bass: A2 | Upper voices: A2 – C#3 – E3 – A3 – C#4 – E4 – A4

Bar 7 — Dm with 7–6 suspension chain

Bass: D3 | Upper voices: C4 resolving → D4, A4, F4, D4 (suspension released beat by beat)

Chord motion: Dm7 → Dm6 → Dm

Bar 8 — D major, Tierce de Picardie (final)

Bass: D2 | Upper voices: D3 – F#3 – A3 – D4 – F#4 – A4 – D5

(Hold the final D major chord — long fermata)

Fugue — Subject & Entries

The Subject (4 notes + leap + tail, 8 notes total):

D4 – Eb4 – E4 – F#4 – D4 – A4 – F4 – E4

Entry 1 — Soprano, Bar 1:

D4 Eb4 E4 F#4 | D4 A4 F4 E4

Entry 2 — Tenor answer at A, Bar 3:

A3 Bb3 B3 C#4 | A3 E4 C4 B3

(Counter-subject in soprano: E4 F4 G4 A4 | G4 F4 E4 D4)

Entry 3 — Bass, Bar 5:

D3 Eb3 E3 F#3 | D3 A3 F3 E3

Episode — Sequential 3rds, Bars 7–8:

Soprano: F4 E4 D4 C4 | Bb3 A3 G3 F3

Tenor: A4 G4 F4 E4 | D4 C4 Bb3 A3

Stretto — Bars 9–10 (entries 1 beat apart):

Soprano: D4 Eb4 E4 F#4 D4 A4 F4 E4

Tenor (offset 1 beat): D3 Eb3 E3 F#3 D3 A3 F3 E3

Inversion — Bar 11, Soprano:

D4 C#4 C4 Bb3 | D4 G3 Bb3 B3

(The subject flipped upside down — descent instead of rise)

Pedal Point — Bars 13–14:

Bass holds: A2 (whole notes x4)

Soprano: E4 F4 G4 A4 | Bb4 A4 G4 F#4

Tenor: C4 D4 E4 F4 | G4 F4 E4 D4

Final Cadence — Bars 15–16:

A2 – A3 – C#4 – E4 – A4 → D2 – D3 – F3 – A3 – D4

(A major dominant → D minor resolution, fermata on final chord)